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What are the components of a CNC machine tool?

2025-06-20

Machine tool body: This is the main component and important mechanical accessory part of the machine tool

  A CNC machine tool mainly consists of the following parts:
  1. Machine tool body: This is the main component and important mechanical accessory part of the machine tool, the part most easily seen with the naked eye. As the hardware of the machine tool, it also includes the bed and base casting, spindle and gearbox, guideways and slide, lubrication, chip removal and cooling parts.
  2. Transmission system: This is the important "framework" of the CNC machine tool, which dominates the orderly operation of various parts of the machine tool, including tools, transmission machinery and auxiliary power systems.
  (1) Tool part: Includes protection device, tool magazine and tool changer;
  (2) Transmission machinery: Includes two parts: ball screw, linear guide rail and worm gear;
  (3) Auxiliary power system: Includes two parts: hydraulic system and starting system, which is also the power of the CNC machine tool.
  3. CNC system: It can be said to be the soul of the CNC machine tool, and also the essence of the machine tool completing various functions and operations. The CNC system is basically divided into two categories: driving device: including high-speed spindle, torque motor, linear motor, ordinary motor and stepping motor; control and detection device: including CNC system, programmable controller, feed servo control module, position detection module, etc.